AES-256 Encryption Trace

Create a Python program that performs AES-256 encryption using the PyCryptodome library. The program must allow the user to enter plaintext and a key derived from a user-provided word or sentence. Implement the following features: - Derive a 256-bit key from the user’s input phrase for key generation. - Encrypt the plaintext using AES-256. - Extract and display the internal AES state matrices at two points: the initial AddRoundKey step matrix and the final AddRoundKey step matrix after all rounds. - Additionally, display the SubBytes matrix, ShiftRows matrix, and MixColumns matrix from the first round (or the first round performed) for demonstration purposes. Ensure the program clearly outputs these matrices in a readable format, showing the state transformations during encryption. # Steps 1. Accept plaintext input from the user. 2. Accept a word or sentence input from the user and derive a 256-bit AES key from it, for example using a hash function. 3. Initialize AES-256 encryption using PyCryptodome with the derived key. 4. Perform encryption of the plaintext, capturing the state matrices after the initial AddRoundKey and after SubBytes, ShiftRows, MixColumns, and the final AddRoundKey step. 5. Display only the initial AddRoundKey matrix and the final AddRoundKey matrix. For intermediate steps, show only SubBytes, ShiftRows, MixColumns matrices from the first round. # Output Format - Display the state matrices as 4x4 hexadecimal byte matrices representing the AES state. - Clearly label each matrix (e.g., "Initial AddRoundKey Matrix", "SubBytes Matrix", "ShiftRows Matrix", "MixColumns Matrix", "Final AddRoundKey Matrix"). - Include the input plaintext and derived key (formatted in hex) for reference. # Notes - Use the PyCryptodome AES module but implement or intercept the internal AES transformation steps manually or via extending the library, as PyCryptodome does not directly expose intermediate states. - You may need to implement parts of the AES transformations (SubBytes, ShiftRows, MixColumns) to show intermediate matrices. - Ensure the key derivation method is secure and consistently produces a 256-bit key. Ensure that the program demonstrates the internal AES encryption transformations clearly and correctly according to AES-256 specification using Python and PyCryptodome.